Eurasian Tree Sparrow

This common Eurasian species is a close relative of the House Sparrow. Slightly smaller than House Sparrow with entirely rufous cap, black and white cheek, and limited black in the throat. Males and females are similar. Typically found in noisy small flocks, often in more natural areas than concrete-loving House Sparrow; calls are often higher-pitched than those of House Sparrow, and has a slightly slower chatter. Feeds on seeds. Introduced to a small region in the central U.S. and southeast Australia.

They are often found nesting in nooks and crannies of buildings, trees, and bushes. Despite being introduced to Sri Lanka, house sparrows have adapted well to the island's environment and can be seen foraging for food in gardens, parks, and even along the roadside. Adult house sparrows mainly feed on weeds and grains.

In season, takes fruit such as mulberry (Morus) to feed nestlings. In breeding season, also consumes a variety of arthropods , including both spiders and mites (Arachnida) and insects (Insecta).